Model

#一、Model的对象映射操作 Model作为数据核心，功能不强大是不行的！ ###Examples

a.你有可能有这样的 JSON:

  {
      "name": "Foo",
      "age": 13
  }

b.或者还有这样的模型类:

  #import "Friend.h"
  @interface Friend : Model
  @property (nonatomic, retain) NSString *name;
  @property (nonatomic, retain) NSNumber *age;
  @end

c.利用Model的对象映射操作，就可以实现一键的转换：

  // Some other code
  NSString *json = /* json form net */;
  Friend *friend = [[Friend alloc] initWithString:json error:&err];
  
  // Log
  friend.name // => Foo
  friend.age // => 13

###还有更酷的！

a.你有可能还有这样的 JSON:

  {
      "name": "Foo",
      "category": {
          "name": "Bar Category"
      }
  }

b.或者还有这样的模型类:

  #import "FriendCategory.h"
  @interface FriendCategory : Model
  @property (nonatomic, retain) NSString *name;
  @end

c.利用Model你可以这样：

  #import "Friend.h"
  #import "FriendCategory.h"
  
  @interface Friend : Model
  @property (nonatomic, retain) NSString *name;
  @property (nonatomic, retain) FriendCategory *category;
  @end

d.同样可以一键转换

  // Code
  NSString *json = /* json form net */;
  Friend *friend = [[Friend alloc] initWithString:json error:&err];
  
  // Log
  friend.name // => Foo
  friend.category // => <FriendCategory>
  friend.category.name // => Bar Category

###遇上Array怎么办 ?

a.你有可能还有这样的 JSON:

  // JSON
  {
      "name": "Foo",
      "categories": [
          { "name": "Bar Category 1" },
          { "name": "Bar Category 2" },
          { "name": "Bar Category 3" }
      ]
  }

b.利用Model你可以这样：

  #import "Friend.h"
  #import "FriendCategory.h"
  
  @protocol FriendCategory
  @end
  
  @interface Friend : Model
  @property (nonatomic, copy) NSString *name;
  @property (nonatomic, retain) NSArray<FriendCategory> *categories;
  @end

c.同样可以一键转换

  // Code
  NSString *json = /* json form net */;
  Friend *friend = [[Friend alloc] initWithString:json error:&err];
  
  // Log
  friend.name // => Foo
  friend.categories // => <NSArray>
  [friend.categories count] // => 3
  [friend.categories objectAtIndex:1] // => <ProductCategory>
  [[friend.categories objectAtIndex:1] name] // => Bar Category 2

##然后你就可以乱来了。。。

	// JSON
	{
	    "name": "1",
	    "children": [
	        { "name": "1.1" },
	        { "name": "1.2",
	          children: [
	            { "name": "1.2.1",
	              children: [
	                { "name": "1.2.1.1" },
	                { "name": "1.2.1.2" },
	              ]
	            },
	            { "name": "1.2.2" },
	          ]
	        },
	        { "name": "1.3" }
	    ]
	}

##还没完呢！！！

a.擦，这个json不是驼峰！强迫症！服务器没节操！
```
  {
      "first_name": "John",
      "last_name": "Doe"
  }
```

b.你可以这样

  // Person.h
  @interface Person : Model
  @property (nonatomic, copy) NSString *firstName;
  @property (nonatomic, copy) NSString *lastName;
  @end
  
  // Person.m
  @implementation Person
  
  +(JSONKeyMapper*)keyMapper
  {
    return [[JSONKeyMapper alloc] initWithDictionary:@{
      @"user.first_name": @"firstName",
      @"user.last_name": @"lastName"
    }];
  }
  
  @end

c.根本停不下来

  // Code
  NSDictionary *dictionary = /* parse the JSON response to a dictionary */;
  Person *person = [[Person alloc] initWithDictionary:dictionary];
  
  // Log
  person.firstName // => John
  person.lastName // => Doe

##服务器有时候给了null

a.服务器有时候给了null

  {
    "id": "123",
    "name": null,
    "price": 12.95
  }

或者干脆不给了。

  {
    "id": "123",
    "price": 12.95
  }

b.你可以这样设置Optional

  @interface ProductModel : JSONModel
  @property (assign, nonatomic) int id;
  @property (strong, nonatomic) NSString<Optional>* name;
  @property (assign, nonatomic) float price;
  @property (strong, nonatomic) NSNumber<Optional>* uuid;
  @end
  
  @implementation ProductModel
  @end

c.全部设为Optional

  @implementation ProductModel
  +(BOOL)propertyIsOptional:(NSString*)propertyName
  {
    return YES;
  }
  @end

##服务器有时候给了用不到的

a.服务器有时候给多了。

  {
    "id": "123",
    "a": "123",
    "b": "123",
    "c": "123"
  }

b.你可以这样设置Ignore,来减少客户端工作量

  @interface ProductModel : JSONModel
  @property (assign, nonatomic) int id;
  @property (strong, nonatomic) NSString<Ignore>* a;
  @property (strong, nonatomic) NSString<Ignore>* b;
  @property (strong, nonatomic) NSString<Ignore>* c;
  @end
  
  @implementation ProductModel
  @end

##如果你更懒一点.h都不想写。。。。

这里有个懒人工具ModelCoder

##Using the built-in thin HTTP client

//add extra headers
[[JSONHTTPClient requestHeaders] setValue:@"MySecret" forKey:@"AuthorizationToken"];

//make post, get requests
[JSONHTTPClient postJSONFromURLWithString:@"http://mydomain.com/api"
                                   params:@{@"postParam1":@"value1"}
                               completion:^(id json, JSONModelError *err) {

                                   //check err, process json ...

                               }];

###Export model to NSDictionary or to JSON text

ProductModel* pm = [[ProductModel alloc] initWithString:jsonString error:nil];
pm.name = @"Changed Name";

//convert to dictionary
NSDictionary* dict = [pm toDictionary];

//convert to text
NSString* string = [pm toJSONString];

#二、Model的DataDase数据库操作

##1.创建一个数据库并连接

(1).在应用的AppDelegate.h文件声明一个数据库实例：

  @class MojoDatabase;
  
  @interface MyAppDelegate : NSObject <UIApplicationDelegate> {
    MojoDatabase *database;
  }
  
  @property (nonatomic, retain) MojoDatabase *database;
  
  @end

(2).在代理方法didFinishLaunchingWithOptions里初始化这个数据库:

  #import "AppDatabase.h"

  @implementation MyAppDelegate
  
  -(BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions {
    // Setup Connection to the database
    self.database = [[AppDatabase alloc] initWithMigrations];
  }
  @end

这样就会初始化（如果不存在就会自动创建）一个数据库，如果你想自定义数据库的名字可以在AppDatabase.m文件中修改.

##2.创建一个数据模型

(1).每一个数据模型都需要在数据库里面有对应的数据表，数据表当你需要用到数据库的时候model会自动创建

(2).你还需要有一个和数据表名称一致的数据模型Model的子类Friend：

  #import "Model.h"
  @interface Friend : Model
  @property (nonatomic, retain) NSString *name;
  @property (nonatomic, retain) NSNumber *age;
  @end

(3).然后你就可以像这样轻松的插入一条数据到Friend数据表了：

  Friend *newFriend = [[Friend alloc] init];
  newFriend.name = @"Norman Rockwell";
  newFriend.age = [NSNumber numerWithInteger:55];
  [newFriend save];  // this will write out the new friend record to the databse

(4).从Friend表中查询数据，同样也很Easy的啦：

  NSArray *records = [self findByColumn:@"name" value:@"Norman Rockwell"];
  if ( [records count] ) {
    Friend *normanRockwell = [records objectAtIndex:0];
  }

备注：findByColumn 总是返回一个NSArray对象. ##3.提供的api列表（顾名思意，就不一一说明了）

	+(void)setDatabase:(MojoDatabase *)newDatabase;
	+(MojoDatabase *)database;
	-(void)resetAll;
	-(MojoModel*)table:(NSString *)table;
	-(MojoModel*)field:(id)field;
	-(MojoModel*)limit:(NSUInteger)start size:(NSUInteger)size;
	-(MojoModel*)order:(NSString *)order;
	-(MojoModel*)group:(NSString *)group;
	-(MojoModel*)where:(NSDictionary *)map;
	-(NSArray *)select;
	-(NSUInteger)getCount;
	
	-(void)update:(NSDictionary *)data;
	-(void)beforeUpdate:(NSDictionary *)data;
	-(void)afterUpdate:(NSDictionary *)data;
	
	-(void)save;
	-(void)beforeSave;
	-(void)afterSave;
	
	-(void)deleteSelf;
	-(void)beforeDeleteSelf;
	-(void)afterDeleteSelf;
	
	-(void)delete;
	-(void)beforeDelete;
	-(void)afterDelete;
	
	
	+(void)afterFind:(NSArray **)results;
	+(void)beforeFindSql:(NSString **)sql parameters:(NSArray **)parameters;
	+(NSArray *)findWithSql:(NSString *)sql withParameters:(NSArray *)parameters;
	+(NSArray *)findWithSqlWithParameters:(NSString *)sql, ...;
	+(NSArray *)findWithSql:(NSString *)sql;
	+(NSArray *)findByColumn:(NSString *)column value:(id)value;
	+(NSArray *)findByColumn:(NSString *)column unsignedIntegerValue:(NSUInteger)value;
	+(NSArray *)findByColumn:(NSString *)column integerValue:(NSInteger)value;
	+(NSArray *)findByColumn:(NSString *)column doubleValue:(double)value;
	+(id)find:(NSUInteger)primaryKey;
	+(NSArray *)findAll;
	+(void)deleteAll;
	-(BOOL)isTableExist;
	-(void)createTable;

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