Fix gridliner when datalim updated by constrained layout

lib/cartopy/mpl/geoaxes.py

@@ -481,12 +481,14 @@ def _draw_preprocess(self, renderer):
         if self.get_autoscale_on() and self.ignore_existing_data_limits:
             self.autoscale_view()
 
+        # apply_aspect may change the x or y data limits, so must be called
+        # before the patch is updated.
+        self.apply_aspect()
+
         # Adjust location of background patch so that new gridlines generated
-        # by `draw` or `get_tightbbox` are clipped correctly.
+        # by `draw` or `get_tightbbox` are positioned and clipped correctly.
         self.patch._adjust_location()
 
-        self.apply_aspect()
-
     def get_tightbbox(self, renderer, *args, **kwargs):
         """
         Extend the standard behaviour of

lib/cartopy/tests/mpl/test_gridliner.py

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 import io
 from unittest import mock
 
+from matplotlib.collections import PolyCollection
 import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
 import matplotlib.ticker as mticker
 import numpy as np
@@ -257,6 +258,40 @@ def test_grid_labels_tight():
     return fig
 
 
+@pytest.mark.mpl_image_compare(
+    filename='gridliner_constrained_adjust_datalim.png',
+    tolerance=grid_label_tol)
+def test_gridliner_constrained_adjust_datalim():
+    fig = plt.figure(figsize=(8, 4), layout="constrained")
+
+    # Make some axes that will fill the available space while maintaining
+    # correct aspect ratio
+    ax = fig.add_subplot(projection=ccrs.PlateCarree())
+    ax.set_aspect(aspect='equal', adjustable='datalim')
+
+    # Add some polygon to the map, with a colour bar
+    collection = PolyCollection(
+        verts=[
+            [[0, 0], [1, 0], [1, 1], [0, 1]],
+            [[1, 0], [2, 0], [2, 1], [1, 1]],
+            [[0, 1], [1, 1], [1, 2], [0, 2]],
+            [[1, 1], [2, 1], [2, 2], [1, 2]],
+        ],
+        array=[1, 2, 3, 4],
+    )
+    ax.add_collection(collection)
+    fig.colorbar(collection, ax=ax, location='right')
+
+    # Set up the axes data limits to keep the polygon in view
+    ax.autoscale()
+
+    # Add some gridlines
+    ax.gridlines(draw_labels=["bottom", "left"], auto_update=True,
+                 linestyle="-")
+
+    return fig
+
+
 @pytest.mark.skipif(geos_version == (3, 9, 0), reason="GEOS intersection bug")
 @pytest.mark.natural_earth
 @pytest.mark.parametrize('proj', TEST_PROJS)