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<!-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
_______ ___ ____________ ___ _______ ____________________________ _ __
/ __/ _ \/ _ |/ ___/ __/ _ \ / _ \/ __/ _ \/ __/_ __/ _/_ __/ _/ __ \/ |/ /
_\ \/ ___/ __ / /__/ _// // / / , _/ _// ___/ _/ / / _/ / / / _/ // /_/ / /
/___/_/ /_/ |_\___/___/____/ /_/|_/___/_/ /___/ /_/ /___/ /_/ /___/\____/_/|_/
=== FAN-TRANSLATION GUIDE ===
Hello fan-translators! From the bottom of my heart:
thank you for doing this, and, you've no idea what you've gotten yourself into.
There's about 3500 words to translate, including the flashcards & further reading.
Before doing anything, please read all these steps:
https://github.com/ncase/remember#how-to-translate
(emphasis: do NOT edit the original index.html. make a copy of this page!)
To make translation less painful, I've added little HTML comments throughout.
Look for the ones that say "TRANSLATOR NOTE".
And after translating this page, don't forget to go to translations.txt
and "add" your translation there! (further instructions will be there)
Good luck, and many thanks again!
<3,
~ Nicky Case
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -->
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en"> <!-- TRANSLATOR NOTE: Remember your 2-letter code? Replace "en" with that! -->
<head>
<!-- Meta Stuff -->
<title>How To Remember Anything Forever-ish</title>
<!-- TRANSLATOR NOTE: Translate the "content" attribute -->
<meta name="description" content="an interactive comic on the art & science of memory"/>
<meta content="text/html;charset=utf-8" http-equiv="Content-Type">
<meta content="utf-8" http-equiv="encoding">
<meta charset="utf-8">
<link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="favicon.png">
<!-- Sharing Card Stuff -->
<meta itemprop="name" content="How To Remember Anything Forever-ish"> <!-- TRANSLATE "content" -->
<meta itemprop="description" content="an interactive comic on the art & science of memory"> <!-- TRANSLATE "content" -->
<meta itemprop="image" content="https://ncase.me/remember/sharing/thumbnail.png">
<meta name="twitter:title" content="How To Remember Anything Forever-ish"> <!-- TRANSLATE "content" -->
<meta name="twitter:description" content="an interactive comic on the art & science of memory"> <!-- TRANSLATE "content" -->
<meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image">
<meta name="twitter:site" content="@ncasenmare">
<meta name="twitter:creator" content="@ncasenmare">
<meta name="twitter:image" content="https://ncase.me/remember/sharing/thumbnail.png">
<meta property="og:title" content="How To Remember Anything Forever-ish"> <!-- TRANSLATE "content" -->
<meta property="og:description" content="an interactive comic on the art & science of memory"> <!-- TRANSLATE "content" -->
<meta property="og:type" content="website">
<meta property="og:url" content="https://ncase.me/remember/">
<meta property="og:image" content="https://ncase.me/remember/sharing/thumbnail.png">
<!-- Styles -->
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/comic.css"/>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=600">
</head>
<body>
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<a name="0"></a>
<div class="divider divider_title">
<iframe class="splash" gotosrc="sims/splash/" scrolling="no"></iframe>
<div id="divider_container">
<div id="chapter_name">
<div>
HOW TO REMEMBER ANYTHING FOREVER-ISH
</div>
<!-- TRANSLATOR NOTE: add a hint of silliness at the end, like "ish" or "sorta" -->
</div>
<div style="text-align:right; position:relative;">
<div style="position:absolute;">
play/read time: 20 minutes
</div>
by nicky case · oct 2018
<br>
<span id="translation_credits"></span>
<!-- TRANSLATOR NOTE: when you update translations.txt, your name will appear here! -->
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="comic">
<div id="language_options"></div>
<!--
TRANSLATOR NOTE:
There may already be "official" translations for terms like "Spaced Repetition" or "Forgetting Curve"!
Go to their Wikipedia pages, scroll down to "Languages" in the left sidebar, and if your language is there,
click on that Wikipedia page, and use the "official" translated term there.
Spaced Repetition: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spaced_repetition
Forgetting Curve: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forgetting_curve
-->
<!--
TRANSLATOR NOTE:
Try to make your translated text about the same length or shorter as the original text.
If that's not possible, and your text doesn't fit in its box, you can modify attributes
"x", "y", "w", "h" to change the box, or add your own custom CSS style to make the font fit.
(CSS properties like "font-size" are very helpful)
-->
<panel w=400 h=650>
<pic src="pics/intro0.png" sx=0 sy=0></pic>
<words x=10 y=10 w=350 h=60>
In Greek mythology, Mnemosyne, the goddess of Memory...
</words>
<words x=30 y=330 w=310 h=60>
...was the mother of the Muses, the goddesses of inspiration.
</words>
<words x=70 y=445 w=90 style="color:#fff" no-bg class="comic_text">
music
</words>
<words x=119 y=494 w=90 style="color:#fff" no-bg class="comic_text">
theatre
</words>
<words x=214 y=464 w=90 style="color:#fff" no-bg class="comic_text">
weird fanfic
</words>
</panel>
<panel w=600 h=60>
<words w=600 x=-15 no-bg>
So, how's Memory and Inspiration doing in schools?
</words>
</panel>
<panel w=550 h=250>
<pic src="pics/intro0.png" sx=400 sy=0></pic>
<words x=-12 y=81 w=40 no-bg class="comic_text" style="font-size:20px"> bla </words>
<words x=50 y=85 w=40 no-bg class="comic_text" style="font-size:20px"> bla </words>
<words x=114 y=84 w=40 no-bg class="comic_text" style="font-size:20px"> bla </words>
<words x=172 y=91 w=40 no-bg class="comic_text" style="font-size:20px"> bla </words>
<words x=295 y=80 w=40 no-bg class="comic_text" style="font-size:20px"> bla </words>
<words x=363 y=83 w=40 no-bg class="comic_text" style="font-size:20px"> bla </words>
<words x=444 y=81 w=40 no-bg class="comic_text" style="font-size:20px"> bla </words>
<words x=518 y=81 w=40 no-bg class="comic_text" style="font-size:20px"> bla </words>
</panel>
<panel w=500 h=250>
<pic src="pics/intro0.png" sx=400 sy=250></pic>
<words x=155 y=20 w=90 no-bg>
Yeah.
</words>
<words x=196 y=65 w=270 no-bg>
Not only are common practices like lectures, cramming, and re-reading <i>boring</i>,
science has shown they <i>don't even work well</i>.*
</words>
</panel>
<panel w=500 h=30 style="margin-top:-5px">
<words w=500 x=-15 y=-15 no-bg style="width: 500px; font-size:0.8em; text-align: right; color:#999;">
* all sources and links will be at the end of this comic!
</words>
</panel>
<panel w=500 h=350>
<pic src="pics/intro0.png" sx=400 sy=500></pic>
<words x=95 y=30 w=340 no-bg>
But what if I said there's a way to learn
that's evidence-based <i>and</i> fun?
</words>
<words x=164 y=141 w=300 no-bg>
What if I said there's a memory card game you can play, for 20 minutes a day,
to store <i>anything you choose</i> into long-term memory, <i>forever?*</i>
</words>
</panel>
<panel w=500 h=30 style="margin-top:-5px">
<words w=500 x=-15 y=-15 no-bg style="width: 500px; font-size:0.8em; text-align: right; color:#999;">
* until you die
</words>
</panel>
<panel w=600 h=300 bg="#e0e0e0">
<sim x=80 y=0 w=440 h=300 src="sims/singlecard/?card=spaced_rep"></sim>
</panel>
<panel w=500 h=450 fadeInOn="flip_spaced_rep">
<pic src="pics/intro0.png" sx=950 sy=0></pic>
<words x=10 y=10 w=430 h=60>
And it's <i>awesome</i>.
I started using Spaced Repetition earlier this year to learn French.
</words>
<words x=30 y=350 w=430 h=60>
In two <i>months</i>, I learnt more words than I did in two <i>years</i>
of high school French classes.
</words>
</panel>
<panel w=500 h=400>
<pic src="pics/intro0.png" sx=950 sy=450></pic>
<words x=10 y=10 w=400 h=60>
Since then, I've used Spaced Repetition to remember all sorts of things...
</words>
<words x=81 y=113 w=100 style="text-align:left" no-bg class="comic_text">
ukulele chords
</words>
<words x=212 y=114 w=100 style="text-align:left" no-bg class="comic_text">
computer code
</words>
<words x=380 y=137 w=100 style="text-align:left" no-bg class="comic_text">
friends' birthdays
</words>
<words x=188 y=204 w=270 style="text-align:left" no-bg class="comic_text">
anything interesting i find in books, talks, articles, etc!
</words>
<words x=60 y=300 w=400 h=60>
...and this lil' memory card game became a core part of my <i>life</i>.
</words>
</panel>
<panel w=550 h=350>
<pic src="pics/intro0.png" sx=0 sy=850></pic>
<words x=10 y=10 w=500 h=30>
In short, Spaced Repetition = testing + time.
</words>
<words x=10 y=220 w=500 h=90>
You test yourself on a fact repeatedly, spacing out your repetitions over time.
(But won't this take forever? Ah, as we'll see later, there's a trick...)
</words>
</panel>
<panel w=400 h=400>
<pic src="pics/intro0.png" sx=0 sy=1200></pic>
<words x=10 y=20 w=290 no-bg>
Spaced Repetition is free, evidence-based, and so simple you can do it with a <i>shoebox</i>.
</words>
<words x=308 y=265 w=50 no-bg class="comic_text" style="text-align:left; font-size:20px">
nicky shut up
</words>
<words x=90 y=130 w=270 no-bg>
So, what's the catch? Why isn't <i>everyone</i> already doing Spaced Repetition?
</words>
</panel>
<panel w=400 h=400>
<pic src="pics/intro0.png" sx=400 sy=1200></pic>
<words x=10 y=20 w=330 no-bg>
Well, the catch is that making <i>any</i> new habit is hard
– especially a weird habit like Spaced Repetition.
</words>
<words x=292 y=303 w=80 no-bg class="comic_text" style="text-align:left; font-size:20px">
teacher's coming
</words>
<words x=100 y=134 w=270 no-bg>
That's why I made this badly-drawn interactive comic.
</words>
</panel>
<panel w=400 h=400>
<pic src="pics/intro0.png" sx=800 sy=1200></pic>
<words x=10 y=20 w=300 no-bg>
In this comic on Spaced Repetition,
I'll show you WHY it works, HOW it works...
</words>
<words x=110 y=140 w=250 no-bg>
...and help you get started with it <i>TODAY.</i>
</words>
</panel>
<panel w=600 h=180>
<words w=600 x=-15 no-bg>
Also, throughout this comic,
you can test yourself on what you've learnt,
at spaced-out intervals.
<b>That is: you'll use Spaced Repetition to learn about Spaced Repetition.</b>
<br><br>
Like so:
</words>
</panel>
<panel w=600 h=400 bg="#e0e0e0">
<sim x=0 y=0 w=600 h=400 src="sims/multicard/?cards=intro_a,intro_b,intro_c"></sim>
</panel>
<panel w=550 h=450>
<pic src="pics/intro0.png" sx=950 sy=1600></pic>
<words x=10 y=10 w=480 h=90>
Still, isn't "rote memorization" bad?
Can't we look everything up these days?
Shouldn't we learn creativity & critical thinking instead?
</words>
<words x=30 y=320 w=480 h=90>
There <i>is</i> no "instead".
Cognitive science shows
you <i>need</i> memorization for creativity & critical thinking.
(Imagine writing an essay if you know no words!)
</words>
<words x=187 y=138 w=150 no-bg class="comic_text" style="font-size:40px">
MEMORY
</words>
<words x=22 y=222 w=100 no-bg class="comic_text" style="font-size:20px">
art
</words>
<words x=408 y=224 w=100 no-bg class="comic_text" style="font-size:20px">
science
</words>
</panel>
<panel w=550 h=300>
<pic src="pics/intro0.png" sx=0 sy=1600></pic>
<words x=10 y=20 w=310 no-bg>
Spaced Repetition isn't a "study trick".
It isn't a "life hack".
</words>
<words x=30 y=113 w=320 no-bg>
It's a way to take back control of your <i>mind.</i>
To make long-term memory a <i>choice</i>.
To develop a lifelong love of learning...
</words>
</panel>
<panel w=400 h=550>
<pic src="pics/intro0.png" sx=550 sy=1600></pic>
<words x=20 y=20 w=330 h=30>
...to mother your own, inner Muse.
</words>
<words x=117 y=131 w=140 no-bg class="comic_text" style="font-size:20px; color:#fff">
Tony Stark nearly gasped as a gloved hand trailed down his spine.
The steady pressure was smooth and almost reassuring.
Obama chuckled. “You mean, the–
</words>
<words x=240 y=480 w=120 h=30>
Let's begin.
</words>
</panel>
</div>
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<!-- CHAPTER 1: THE SCIENCE OF SPACED REPETITION - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -->
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<div id="chapter_name">
<div>
THE SCIENCE of
SPACED REPETITION
</div>
</div>
<div id="chapter_links"></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="comic">
<panel w=500 h=450>
<pic src="pics/sci0.png" sx=0 sy=0></pic>
<words x=10 y=10 w=400 h=60>
In 1885, Hermann Ebbinghaus performed an act of scientific masochism.
</words>
<words x=30 y=320 w=430 h=90>
The German psychologist memorized <i>thousands</i> of nonsense words,
recorded how much he forgot over time, and discovered...
</words>
</panel>
<panel w=400 h=500>
<pic src="pics/sci0.png" sx=500 sy=0></pic>
<words x=60 y=10 w=250>
<b>THE FORGETTING CURVE</b>
</words>
<words x=10 y=310 w=350>
He found that you forget most of what you learn in the first 24 hours,
then – if you don’t practice recall – your remaining memories decay exponentially.*
</words>
</panel>
<panel w=500 h=53 style="margin-top:-5px">
<words w=500 x=-15 y=-10 no-bg style="width: 500px; font-size:0.8em; text-align: right; color:#999; line-height: 1.1em;">
* technically the curve isn't <i>exactly</i>
<br>
exponential, but, eh, close enough.
</words>
</panel>
<panel w=500 h=450>
<pic src="pics/sci0.png" sx=900 sy=0></pic>
<words x=10 y=10 w=450 h=90>
Philosophers have debated about memory for millennia,
but Ebbinghaus was the first to do actual <i>experiments.</i>
(which have been replicated)
</words>
<words x=193 y=169 w=70 no-bg class="comic_text" style="color:rgba(0,0,0,0.35)">
plz...
</words>
<words x=278 y=195 w=70 no-bg class="comic_text" style="color:rgba(0,0,0,0.35)">
kill...
</words>
<words x=348 y=234 w=70 no-bg class="comic_text" style="color:rgba(0,0,0,0.35)">
me...
</words>
<words x=20 y=350 w=440 h=60>
For that reason, Hermann Ebbinghaus is known as
the pioneer of the science of memory.
</words>
</panel>
<panel w=600 h=80>
<words w=600 x=-15 no-bg>
Here’s a playable simulation of the Forgetting Curve.
<b>Change the rate of memory decay. What happens to the curve?</b>
</words>
</panel>
<panel w=600 h=370>
<sim x=0 y=0 w=600 h=370 src="sims/ebbinghaus/?mode=0"></sim>
</panel>
<panel w=600 h=90>
<words w=600 x=-15 no-bg>
As you can see, the less the decay, the flatter the curve –
that is, the longer the memory lasts.
</words>
</panel>
<panel w=400 h=400>
<pic src="pics/sci0.png" sx=0 sy=500></pic>
<words x=10 y=10 w=300>
How fast a person’s memory decays depends on the person and the memory...
</words>
<words x=0 y=145 w=330 no-bg class="comic_text smaller">
hi! sorry, what's your name again?
</words>
<words x=177 y=186 w=180 no-bg class="comic_text smaller">
haha. it's susan.
</words>
</panel>
<panel w=400 h=400>
<pic src="pics/sci0.png" sx=400 sy=500></pic>
<words x=10 y=10 w=330>
But in general, a memory’s “rate of decay” slows down each time you <b>actively recall</b> it.
(versus passively re-reading it)
</words>
<words x=27 y=198 w=120 no-bg class="comic_text smaller">
susan. susan. susan. susan. susan.
</words>
</panel>
<panel w=400 h=400>
<pic src="pics/sci0.png" sx=800 sy=500></pic>
<words x=10 y=10 w=300>
(although, when you stop practicing, it still decays.)
</words>
<words x=41 y=121 w=150 no-bg class="comic_text smaller">
okay bye sarah!
</words>
<words x=191 y=148 w=100 no-bg class="comic_text smaller">
susan.
</words>
<words x=59 y=174 w=150 no-bg class="comic_text smaller">
bye sandy!
</words>
<words x=193 y=203 w=100 no-bg class="comic_text smaller">
SUSAN.
</words>
</panel>
<panel w=600 h=120>
<words w=600 x=-15 no-bg>
Here’s the simulation again, with a single active recall session.
<br>
(grey line: what memory would've been <i>without</i> the recall)
<br>
<b>Change the recall timing to see how it affects the curve:</b>
</words>
</panel>
<panel w=600 h=400>
<sim x=0 y=0 w=600 h=400 src="sims/ebbinghaus/?mode=1"></sim>
</panel>
<panel w=600 h=90>
<words w=600 x=-15 no-bg>
A single recall boosts memory for a bit... but in the long run,
due to exponential decay of memory, a single recall changes nothing.
</words>
</panel>
<panel w=450 h=400>
<pic src="pics/sci1.png" sx=0 sy=0></pic>
<words x=10 y=10 w=390>
Is there a better way to learn?
There is! The trick to remembering...
</words>
<words x=210 y=330 w=200>
...<i>is to almost forget.</i>
</words>
</panel>
<panel w=500 h=300>
<pic src="pics/sci1.png" sx=450 sy=0></pic>
<words x=250 y=20 w=200>
To understand this, think about training your muscles.
You’ll gain nothing with a weight that’s too easy...
</words>
</panel>
<panel w=500 h=300>
<pic src="pics/sci1.png" sx=450 sy=300></pic>
<words x=250 y=20 w=200>
...nor one that’s too hard.
</words>
</panel>
<panel w=350 h=350>
<pic src="pics/sci1.png" sx=950 sy=0></pic>
<words x=10 y=10 w=300>
The same’s true of training your brain.
You need <b>desirable difficulty</b>: the sweet spot of just-hard-enough.
</words>
<words x=55 y=187 w=100 no-bg class="comic_text smaller" style="text-align:left">
comfort
</words>
<words x=55 y=282 w=100 no-bg class="comic_text smaller" style="text-align:left">
discomfort
</words>
<words x=176 y=186 w=120 no-bg class="comic_text smaller">
too easy
</words>
<words x=179 y=229 w=120 no-bg class="comic_text" style="color:#000">
just right
</words>
<words x=176 y=280 w=120 no-bg class="comic_text smaller">
too hard
</words>
</panel>
<panel w=450 h=400>
<pic src="pics/sci1.png" sx=0 sy=400></pic>
<words x=10 y=10 w=360>
Therefore: to best learn something, you need to recall it...
</words>
<words x=60 y=330 w=350>
...<i>just as you’re about to forget it.</i>
</words>
</panel>
<panel w=600 h=120>
<words w=600 x=-15 no-bg>
Same simulation as before, but now it shows the
<span style="background:#ffe866">sweet spot</span> –
where you’ve forgotten <i>just a little bit.</i>
<b>Put the recall in the <i>middle</i> of the sweet spot. What happens?</b>
</words>
</panel>
<panel w=600 h=400>
<sim x=0 y=0 w=600 h=400 src="sims/ebbinghaus/?mode=2"></sim>
</panel>
<panel w=600 h=90>
<words w=600 x=-15 no-bg>
See? If you time a recall just right,
you can slow down the decay by a bit!
Now, what about <i>multiple</i> recalls?
</words>
</panel>
<panel w=500 h=450>
<pic src="pics/sci2.png" sx=0 sy=0></pic>
<words x=10 y=10 w=430>
Let’s say you’re
<span class="strikeout">lazy</span>
time-efficient, so you’re only doing 4 recall sessions.
</words>
<words x=30 y=350 w=430>
Question:
<i>what’s the best way to spread out your recalls?</i>
</words>
<words x=82 y=198 w=120 no-bg class="comic_text" style="transform: rotate(-16deg);">
susan
</words>
</panel>
<panel w=500 h=350>
<pic src="pics/sci2.png" sx=500 sy=0></pic>
<words x=10 y=10 w=190>
Should you have evenly spaced gaps?
Gaps of increasing length?
Gaps of decreasing length?
Or make it unpredictable, to keep you on your toes?
</words>
<words x=259 y=16 w=100 no-bg class="comic_text smaller" style="text-align:left; color:#000">
= recall
</words>
<words x=295 y=16 w=100 no-bg class="comic_text smaller" style="text-align:right; color:#000">
time
</words>
<words x=245 y=61 w=200 no-bg class="comic_text smaller" style="text-align:left; color:#000">
even gaps:
</words>
<words x=245 y=126 w=200 no-bg class="comic_text smaller" style="text-align:left; color:#000">
increasing gaps:
</words>
<words x=245 y=198 w=200 no-bg class="comic_text smaller" style="text-align:left; color:#000">
decreasing gaps:
</words>
<words x=245 y=259 w=200 no-bg class="comic_text smaller" style="text-align:left; color:#000">
random gaps:
</words>
</panel>
<panel w=400 h=90>
<words h=90>
<b>Give it your best guess</b>,
then when you’re ready, <b>flip the card over ↓</b>
</words>
</panel>
<panel w=600 h=300 bg="#e0e0e0">
<sim x=80 y=0 w=440 h=300 src="sims/singlecard/?card=guessgap"></sim>
</panel>
<panel fadeInOn="flip_guessgap" w=600 h=120>
<words w=600 x=-15 y=0 no-bg>
Which is very counter-intuitive!
You can prove to yourself this is true, by playing with the sim below.
<b>
Get all recalls into the <i>middle</i> of the <span style="background:#ffe866">sweet spot</span>.
What spacing do you get?
</b>
</words>
</panel>
<panel w=600 h=520>
<sim x=0 y=0 w=600 h=520 src="sims/ebbinghaus/?mode=3"></sim>
</panel>
<panel w=600 h=120>
<words w=600 x=-15 no-bg>
(To prove this isn't a fluke,
here’s a sim where you can change
the initial memory decay & sweet spot.
Note how, in all but the extreme cases,
the best schedule is still “increasing gaps”!)
</words>
</panel>
<panel w=600 h=570>
<sim x=0 y=0 w=600 h=570 src="sims/ebbinghaus/?mode=4"></sim>
</panel>
<panel w=350 h=500>
<pic src="pics/sci2.png" sx=0 sy=450></pic>
<words x=10 y=10 w=300>
Why <i>must</i> the gaps increase?
Because: each time you do a recall at the sweet spot of forgetting,
the memory’s decay slows down...
</words>
<words x=25 y=187 w=50 no-bg class="comic_text smaller" style="text-align:left">
it's
</words>
<words x=16 y=177 w=300 no-bg class="comic_text" style="font-size:100px; transform: rotate(-5deg);">
SUSAN!
</words>
<words x=218 y=257 w=120 no-bg class="comic_text smaller" style="text-align:right">
–the fu
<!-- TRANSLATOR NOTE: don't complete the swearing in your translation.
make it cut off at the edge of the panel. It's... funnier that way? -->
</words>
<words x=10 y=400 w=300>
...meaning it’ll take <i>longer</i>
to hit the sweet spot next time!
</words>
</panel>
<panel w=500 h=500>
<pic src="pics/sci2.png" sx=350 sy=450></pic>
<words x=10 y=10 w=400>
But you know what’s sweeter?
This also means if you time your recalls just right...
</words>
<words x=60 y=400 w=400>
...you can easily keep <i>any number</i> of things in your long-term memory,
<i>FOREVER.</i>
</words>
</panel>
<panel w=250 h=250>
<pic src="pics/sci2.png" sx=850 sy=450></pic>
</panel>
<panel w=600 h=90>
<words w=600 x=-15 no-bg>
And speaking of doing active recall in order to learn,
let's do some active recall on what we just learnt:
</words>
</panel>
<panel w=600 h=400 bg="#e0e0e0">
<sim x=0 y=0 w=600 h=400 src="sims/multicard/?cards=sci_a,sci_b,intro_b,sci_c"></sim>
</panel>
<panel w=400 h=400>
<pic src="pics/sci2.png" sx=0 sy=950></pic>
<words x=50 y=20 w=300 bg=none>
Well that's nice,
but actually <i>finding</i> a good Spaced Repetition schedule must be hard, right?
</words>
</panel>
<panel w=400 h=400>
<pic src="pics/sci2.png" sx=400 sy=950></pic>
<words x=50 y=30 w=300 bg=none>
<i>Au contraire!</i>
It’s actually so simple, you can even create your own automatic scheduler...
</words>
</panel>
<panel w=400 h=400>
<pic src="pics/sci2.png" sx=800 sy=950></pic>
<words x=30 y=30 w=200 bg=none>
...using a <i>shoebox.</i>
</words>
</panel>
</div>
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<!-- CHAPTER 2: THE ART OF SPACED REPETITION - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -->
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<a name="2"></a>
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<iframe class="splash" gotosrc="sims/splash/" scrolling="no"></iframe>
<div id="divider_container">
<div id="chapter_name">
<div>
THE ART of
SPACED REPETITION
</div>
</div>
<div id="chapter_links"></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="comic">
<panel w=500 h=450>
<pic src="pics/leit0.png" sx=0 sy=0></pic>
<words x=10 y=10 w=430 h=60>
You don't <i>have</i> to use a shoebox for Spaced Repetition,
but it's funnier if you do.
</words>
<words x=3 y=119 w=140 no-bg class="comic_text smaller" style="font-size:22px">
and this is my private tutor
</words>
<words x=119 y=158 w=120 no-bg class="comic_text smaller" style="font-size:22px">
???
</words>
<words x=246 y=118 w=120 no-bg class="comic_text smaller" style="font-size:22px">
they're TRAINERS
<!--
TRANSLATOR NOTE:
this is a pun that may not work in all languages.
If it doesn't translate to your language, try coming up with your own pun!
Or, replace this line with: "they help me go far"
-->
</words>
<words x=367 y=116 w=120 no-bg class="comic_text smaller" style="font-size:22px">
we're not friends anymore
</words>
<words x=30 y=350 w=430 h=60>
(Later, we'll look at some Spaced Repetition <i>apps</i>,
like Anki & Tinycards)
</words>
</panel>
<panel w=500 h=400>
<pic src="pics/leit0.png" sx=500 sy=0></pic>
<words x=10 y=10 w=430 h=60>
This setup is called The Leitner Box.
It's like a card game you play against yourself!
</words>
<words x=30 y=300 w=430 h=60>
First, divide your box up into seven "Levels".
(You can have more or fewer if you like!)
</words>
</panel>
<panel w=500 h=370>
<pic src="pics/leit0.png" sx=0 sy=480></pic>
<words x=10 y=10 w=430 h=30>
All new flashcards start at Level 1.
</words>
<words x=30 y=270 w=430 h=60>
(If you're new to Spaced Repetition, I recommend starting with 5 new cards a day.)
</words>
</panel>
<panel w=500 h=400>
<pic src="pics/leit0.png" sx=500 sy=480></pic>
<words x=10 y=10 w=430 h=60>
When you review a card, and get it right, it moves up <i>one</i> Level.
</words>
<words x=30 y=300 w=430 h=60>
(If you're at the final Level, congrats!
Your card retires. Off it goes, to card heaven.)
</words>
</panel>
<panel w=500 h=430>
<pic src="pics/leit0.png" sx=0 sy=900></pic>
<words x=10 y=10 w=430 h=60>
But if you review a card, and get it wrong... it has to go
<i>all the way back down to Level 1.</i>
</words>
<words x=30 y=300 w=430 h=90>
(If it's already at Level 1, good news:
you can keep testing yourself on it until you get it right,
and move it up to Level 2)
</words>
</panel>
<panel w=500 h=400>
<pic src="pics/leit0.png" sx=0 sy=1370></pic>
<words x=10 y=10 w=430 h=120>
But <i>when</i> do we review cards?
That's the trick.
In the Leitner Box, we review Level 1 cards every day,
Level 2 every two days, Level 3 every <i>FOUR</i> days,
Level 4 every <i>EIGHT</i> days, etc...
</words>
<words x=30 y=300 w=430 h=60>
The pattern is: we <i>double the gap</i> (# of days between reviews) for each Level!
</words>
</panel>
<panel w=600 h=60>
<words w=600 x=-15 no-bg>
Here's what the looping 64-day game calendar looks like:
</words>
</panel>
<panel w=600 h=400 bg="#fff">
<sim x=0 y=0 w=600 h=400 src="sims/calendar/"></sim>
</panel>
<panel w=500 h=490>
<pic src="pics/leit0.png" sx=500 sy=870></pic>
<words x=10 y=10 w=430 h=90>
(Note: the reason we review Level 1 at the end
is so you'll see your new cards <i>and</i> the cards you forgot from higher Levels.)
</words>
<words x=30 y=330 w=430 h=120>
(At the end of a daily game of Spaced Repetition,
leave no cards in Level 1.
Test yourself until you can get them all right,
and move them up to Level 2!)
</words>
</panel>
<panel w=400 h=400>
<pic src="pics/leit0.png" sx=600 sy=1400></pic>
<words x=10 y=10 w=350 h=90>
(Note #2: Spaced Repetition <i>apps</i> like Anki use a more sophisticated algorithm...)
</words>
<words x=10 y=300 w=350 h=60>
(...but at its core, they work on the same principles as the Leitner Box)
</words>
</panel>
<panel w=400 h=450>
<pic src="pics/leit0.png" sx=0 sy=1800></pic>
<words x=10 y=10 w=350 h=90>
(Note #3: Oh, and with a few index cards & tape,
you can make your own foldable, looping calendar!)
</words>
<words x=10 y=350 w=350 h=60>
(at the end, I'll link to a video tutorial for crafting a Leitner Box)
</words>
</panel>
<panel w=600 h=80>
<words w=600 x=-15 no-bg>
Now, to show the game in action!
Here's a <i>step-by-step</i> simulation of the Leitner Box:
<b>(we'll see a <i>month-by-month</i> sim later)</b>
</words>
</panel>
<panel w=600 h=470 bg="#fff">
<sim x=0 y=0 w=600 h=470 src="sims/leitner/?mode=1"></sim>
</panel>
<panel w=600 h=110>
<words w=600 x=-15 no-bg>
Each daily review takes 20-30 minutes.
Instead of watching a TV episode, you could play a card game –
and remember anything you want <i>for life</i>.
</words>
</panel>
<panel w=500 h=400>
<pic src="pics/leit1.png" sx=0 sy=0></pic>
<words x=10 y=10 w=430 h=60>
However, habits are hard. If you start big, you won't get the ball rolling...
</words>
<words x=20 y=300 w=450 h=60>
But if you start <i>small</i>, you can gain momentum,
and roll your snowball bigger and bigger.
</words>
</panel>
<panel w=500 h=690>
<pic src="pics/leit1.png" sx=0 sy=400></pic>
<words x=10 y=10 w=430 h=60>
That's why I recommend <i>starting</i> with 5 new cards a day.
</words>
<words x=30 y=300 w=430 h=60>
Once you're comfortable with that, you can do 10 new cards/day.
Then 15. Then 20, 25, 30.
</words>
<words x=10 y=590 w=430 h=60>
And at 30 new cards a day, you can learn <i>10,000+</i> new facts/words/etc a <i>year.</i>
</words>
<words x=16 y=497 w=200 no-bg class="comic_text smaller" style="text-align:right">
na na na na na na na na na
</words>
<words x=38 y=517 w=200 no-bg class="comic_text smaller" style="text-align:right">
katamari damacy
<!-- TRANSLATOR NOTE: leave this in its japanese.
i don't know what it means, actually. it's a videogame song. -->
</words>
</panel>
<panel w=600 h=80>
<words w=600 x=-15 no-bg>
Now, here's the month-by-month simulation.
Use this to calculate in advance how much <i>you</i> can learn with Spaced Repetition!
</words>
</panel>
<panel w=600 h=470 bg="#fff">
<sim x=0 y=0 w=600 h=470 src="sims/leitner/?mode=2"></sim>
</panel>
<panel w=600 h=110>
<words w=600 x=-15 no-bg>
That's it. That's how you can make long-term memory a <i>choice</i>.
</words>
<words w=600 x=-15 y=50 no-bg>
Let's let that sink in. Take a break, and recall what we just learnt:
</words>
</panel>
<panel w=600 h=400 bg="#e0e0e0">
<sim x=0 y=0 w=600 h=400 src="sims/multicard/?cards=leit_a,intro_a,leit_b,intro_c,leit_c"></sim>
</panel>