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二叉树的最近公共祖先 #147

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louzhedong opened this issue Apr 4, 2019 · 0 comments
Open

二叉树的最近公共祖先 #147

louzhedong opened this issue Apr 4, 2019 · 0 comments

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@louzhedong
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习题

出处:LeetCode 算法第236题

给定一个二叉树, 找到该树中两个指定节点的最近公共祖先。

百度百科中最近公共祖先的定义为:“对于有根树 T 的两个结点 p、q,最近公共祖先表示为一个结点 x,满足 x 是 p、q 的祖先且 x 的深度尽可能大(一个节点也可以是它自己的祖先)。”

例如,给定如下二叉树: root = [3,5,1,6,2,0,8,null,null,7,4]

img

示例 1:

输入: root = [3,5,1,6,2,0,8,null,null,7,4], p = 5, q = 1
输出: 3
解释: 节点 5 和节点 1 的最近公共祖先是节点 3。

示例 2:

输入: root = [3,5,1,6,2,0,8,null,null,7,4], p = 5, q = 4
输出: 5
解释: 节点 5 和节点 4 的最近公共祖先是节点 5。因为根据定义最近公共祖先节点可以为节点本身。

说明:

  • 所有节点的值都是唯一的。
  • p、q 为不同节点且均存在于给定的二叉树中。

思路

LCA问题,将求根节点的问题递归为求左右子树的根节点

解答

/**
 * @param {TreeNode} root
 * @param {TreeNode} p
 * @param {TreeNode} q
 * @return {TreeNode}
 */
var lowestCommonAncestor = function(root, p, q) {
    if(!root) {
        return root;
    }
    if (root === p || root === q) {
        return root;
    }
    var left = lowestCommonAncestor(root.left, p, q);
    var right = lowestCommonAncestor(root.right, p, q);
    if (left && right) {
        return root;
    }else if (left) {
        return left;
    } else if (right) {
        return right;
    }
    return null;
};
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